Cite this article
1
Download
42
Views
Journal Browser
Volume | Year
Issue
Search
News and Announcements
View All
ARTICLE

Coal working face imaging by seismic interferometry

BIN LU JIAXING FENG
JSE 2017, 26(5), 411–432;
Submitted: 5 January 2016 | Accepted: 17 July 2017 | Published: 1 October 2017
© 2017 by the Authors. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution -Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC-by the license) ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ )
Abstract

The real-time monitoring of stress conditions around the working faces of coal mines has been found to be an effective method to prevent geological disasters, such as roof collapses and water bursts. In this research study, a seismic interferometry method was proposed based on conveyor belt noise, for the purpose of implementing working face real-time imaging. In order to examine the seismic interferometry induced by conveyor belt noise, a stationary phase integration analysis of the cross-correlation of the thread seismic source was first conducted. Then, a numerical simulation of the discrete linear array noise traces was discussed. The analysis showed that the seismic interferometry of the thread seismic sources produced some fake events, which were observed prior to the true events. Therefore, the arrival-time of true events could be picked up by using a simple cross-correlation. The results of this study’s field data suggested that the conveyor belt noise was a wide band signal. At the same time, it was also found to have an intense time structure. The Green’s function, which was retrieved using deconvolution interferometry, displayed a higher time resolution than those obtained by the cross-correlation. Finally, this study’s field data illustrated that the conveyor belt noise could be potentially applied to monitor the stress variations around longwall mining panels. As a result, the proposed method was expected to be an effective method for the reduction of coal mine disasters.

Keywords
coal working face
conveyer belt
seismic interferometry
noise imaging
passive source
References
  1. Adams, L.H. and Williamson, E.D., 1923. On the compressibility of minerals and rocks at highpressures. J. Franklin Inst., 195: 475-531.
  2. Aki, K. and Richards, P.G., 2002. Quantitative Seismology. Freeman & Co, New York.
  3. Buchanan, D.J., Mason, I. and Davis, R., 1980. The coal cutter as a seismic source in channel waveexploration. IEEE Transact. Geosci. Remote Sens., GE-18: 318-320.
  4. Calvert, R.W., Bakulin, A. and Jones, T.C., 2004. Virtual sources, a new way to removeoverburden problems. Extended Abstr., 66th EAGE Conf., Paris: P234.432 LU & FENG
  5. Claerbout, J.F., 1968. Synthesis of a layered medium from its acoustic transmission response.Geophysics, 33: 264-269.
  6. Clayton, R.W. and Wiggins, R.A., 1967. Source shape estimation and deconvolution of teleseismicbody waves. Geophys. J. Roy. Astr. Soc., 47: 151-177.
  7. Cox, M.,1999. Static Corrections for Seismic Reflection Surveys. SEG, Tulsa, OK.
  8. Hosseini, N., Oraee, K., Shahriar, K. and Goshtasbi, K., 2011. Studying the stress redistributionaround the longwall mining panel using passive seismic velocity tomography andgeostatistical estimation. Arab. J. Geosci., 6: 1407-1416.
  9. Jeremic, M.L., 1985. Strata Mechanics in Coal Mining. Taylor & Francis Group, London.
  10. King, A. and Luo, X., 2009. Methodology for tomographic imaging ahead of mining using thecutter as a seismic source. Geophysics, 74(2): M1-M8.
  11. Lu, B., Cheng, J.Y. and Hu, J.W., 2001. Seismic features of vibration induced by mining machinesand feasibility to be seismic sources. Proc. Earth Planet. Sci., 3: 76-85.
  12. Lu, B., Cheng, J.Y. and Hu, J.W., 2013. Cutter source signal extraction and preliminaryapplication. J. Chin. Coal Soc., (in Chinese), 38: 2202-2207.
  13. Luo, X., King, A. and van de Werken, M., 2009. Tomographic imaging of rock conditions aheadof mining using the cutter as a seismic source-a feasibility study. IEEE Transact. Geosci.Remote Sens., 47: 3671-3678.
  14. Nakata, N., Snieder, R. and Tsuji, T., 2011. Shear wave imaging from traffic noise using seismicinterferometry by cross-coherence. Geophysics, 76(6): SA97-SA106.
  15. Poletto, F. and Petronio, L., 2006. Seismic interferometry with a TBM source of transmitted andreflected waves. Geophysics, 71(4): SI85-SI93.
  16. Prasad, M. and Manghnani, M.H., 1997. Effects of pore and differential pressure on compressionalwave velocity and quality factor in Berea and Michigan sandstones. Geophysics, 62(4):1163-1176.
  17. Rickett, J. and Claerbout, J.F., 1999. Acoustic daylight imaging via spectral factorization:
  18. Helioseismology and reservoir monitoring. The Leading Edge, 18: 957-960.
  19. Schuster, G.T., 2001. Seismic interferometric/daylight imaging: Tutorial. Extended Abstr., 63rdEAGE Conf., Amsterdam.
  20. Schuster, G.T., 2009. Seismic Interferometry. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
  21. Taylor, N., Merriam, J. and Gendzwill, D., 2001. The mining machine as a seismic source forin-seam reflection mapping. Expanded Abstr., 71st Ann. Internat. SEG Mtg., San Antonio:1365-1368.
  22. Vasconcelos, I. and Snieder, R., 2008. Interferometry by deconvolution: Part 2 - Theory for elasticwaves and application to drill-bit seismic imaging. Geophysics, 73(3): 9-S141.
  23. Wapenaar, K., Draganov, D., Thorbecke, J. and Fokkema, J., 2002. Theory of acoustic daylightimaging revisited. Expanded Abstr., 72nd Ann. Internat. SEG Mtg., Salt Lake City: 2269-
  24. Wapenaar, K., 2004. Retrieving the elastodynamic Green’s function of an arbitrary inhomogeneousmedium by cross correlation. Phys. Rev. Lett., 93: 254301-1-4.
  25. Wapenaar, K., van der Neut, J. and Ruigrok, E., 2008. Passive seismic interferometry bymultidimensional deconvolution. Geophysics, 73(6): A51-A56.
  26. Wapenaar, K., van der Neut, J. and Ruigrok, E., 2011. Seismic interferometry by crosscorrelationand by multi-dimensional deconvolution: a systematic comparison. Geoph. J. Internat., 185:1335-1364.
  27. Westman, E.C. and Haramy, K.Y., 1996. Rock A D. Seismic tomography for longwall stressanalysis. Proc. 2nd North Am. Rock Mech. Symp., Montreal, QC: 397-403.
Share
Back to top
Journal of Seismic Exploration, Electronic ISSN: 0963-0651 Print ISSN: 0963-0651, Published by AccScience Publishing