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Suppression of high-amplitude noise via a t-x amplitude attenuation method

YIJUN YUAN1 ,  XUEMIN WU2 ,  CHUANZHIANG TANG3 ,  YUE ZHIENG1 ,  YUN WANG1
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1 School of Geophysics and Information Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, P.R. China. yyf@cugb.edu.cn,
2 Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey Bureau, Guangzhou 510075, P.R. China.,
3 Huabei Oilfield Company, Renqiu 062552, P.R. China.,
JSE 2019, 28(6), 533–550;
Submitted: 9 June 2025 | Revised: 9 June 2025 | Accepted: 9 June 2025 | Published: 9 June 2025
© 2025 by the Authors. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution -Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC-by the license) ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ )
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Abstract

Yuan, Y., Wu, X.M., Tang, C.Z., Zheng, Y. and Wang, Y., 2019. Suppression of high-amplitude noise via a t-x amplitude attenuation method. Journal of Seismic Exploration, 28: 533-550. High-amplitude noise in seismic data, especially tape-generated high-amplitude noise which was caused by tape magnetic powder loss during the storage of seismic data, contaminates the dataset and leads to large noise event in the prestack migration. To attenuate high-amplitude noise and reduce the effect of strong-energy noise on prestack migration, we have developed a method for the attenuation of high-amplitude noise in shot gathers. Based on the characteristics of high-amplitude noise, an amplitude attenuation equation (AAE) in the time-space (t-x) domain is used to suppress the energy of high-amplitude noise in seismic data. According to the proposed method, the average absolute amplitude within time window is calculated first. The average absolute amplitude obtained from the statistics is used as a threshold for judging high-amplitude noise. Then, we calculate the difference between the amplitude absolute value of each sample point and the threshold. Finally, the obtained difference is used as a variable of the amplitude attenuation function for suppressing high-amplitude noise. Tests on synthetic data and real data demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method for attenuation of high-amplitude noise.

Keywords
seismic data
high-amplitude noise
attenuation
t-x domain
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Journal of Seismic Exploration, Electronic ISSN: 0963-0651 Print ISSN: 0963-0651, Published by AccScience Publishing
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