ARTICLE

Application effects of swath 3D geometry in the foothill regions of western China

XIAOYANG WANG1,2 ZHENHUA HE1 YALIN LI3 GULAN ZHANG4 HAO ZHANG5 JIANGLI CHEN2 MIN LI6 YUFENG WANG7 ZHICHAO YANG2
Show Less
1 Chengdu University of Technology, State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservior Geology and Exploitation, 1 East 3rd Road, Erxianbridge, Chenghua District, Chengdu 610059, P.R. China.,
2 Southwest Geophysical Branch of BGP, CNPC, 95#Binheroad in Tianfu new area, Chengdu 610213, P.R. China.,
3 PetroChina Tarim Oilfield Company, No.78 Korla 841000, P.R. China.,
4 School of Geoscience and Technology, Southwest Petroleum University, 8 Xindu Avenue, Xindu District, Chengdu 610500, P.R. China.,
5 Institute of Geomechanics, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100081, P.R. China.,
6 Texas A&M University,1226 TAMU, College Station, TX 77840, U.S.A.,
7 Northwest Sichuan Gas Mine, Southwest Oil & Gasfield Company of PetroChina, Jiangyou 621700, P.R. China.,
JSE 2019, 28(4), 347–361;
Submitted: 9 April 2018 | Accepted: 12 May 2019 | Published: 1 August 2019
© 2019 by the Authors. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution -Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC-by the license) ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ )
Abstract

Wang, X.Y., He, Z.H., Li, Y., Zhang, G., Zhang, H., Chen, J., Li, M., Wang’ Y. and Yang, Z.C., 2019. Application effects of swath 3D geometry in the foothill regions of western China. Journal of Seismic Exploration, 28: 347-361. Abundant oil and gas resources have been discovered in last decade in the foothill regions of western China, which implies a great potential for oil and gas reservoir in these areas. However, the ‘double-complex’ seismo-geological features of complex near-surface and complex subsurface result in a low signal to noise ratio (SNR) of seismic data, restricting further breakthroughs in these areas. In practice, wide-line 2D and high-density 3D are widely employed techniques in the foothill regions of western China. It has been found that wide-line 2D geometry can improve the signal to noise ratio (SNR) of seismic data effectively, but the imaging accuracy is relatively lower than conventional 3D. “Two-wide One-high” is a technology that stands for wide azimuth, wide frequency bandwidth, high-density 3D seismic exploration, which could record more complete field information, fewer alias and more low frequency signals. Featured by high-density seismic acquisition, “Two-wide One-high” has achieved significant improvements in data quality, and many cases have been carried out in different regions of China in last decade. High-density 3D geometry characterized by small bin size, high fold number and wide azimuthhas significantly improved the SNR and imaging quality of seismic data in these areas, which improve success rate of exploratory drilling. However, investment in high-density 3D in mountain areas is still not economical since the amount is large and the risk is high. Particularly, in the downturn of oil & gas industry, technology and economy must be considered as a whole. A reasonable geometry for seismic acquisition should balance the cost and risk while obtainingdesired SNR and accuracy. In this paper, a novel acquisition geometry named the swath 3D technique has been proposed. With wide application of the proposed swath 3D seismic acquisition technology, acquisition cost and exploration risk have been reduced, meanwhile the SNR of seismic data has been effectively improved and the seismic imaging results havebeen also significantly enhanced.

Keywords
foothill regions
seismic acquisition
swath 3D geometry
parameters design
trace density
SNR
imaging quality
References
  1. Cordsen, A., Charters, R.A. and Bergen, S., 2015. Maximizing the seismic surveyinvestment. Expanded Abstr., 85th Ann. Internat. SEG Mtg., New Orleans: 302-304.
  2. Du, J.H., Yang, T. and Li, X., 2016. Oil and gas exploration and discovery of PetroChina
  3. Company Limited during the 12th Five-Year and the prospect during the 13th
  4. Five-Year Plan, China. China Petrol. Explor., 21(2): 1-15.
  5. Zhang, G, 2018. Time-phase amplitude spectra based on a modified short-time Fouriertransform. Geophys. Prosp., 66(5): 34-46.
  6. Hu, S.Z., Zhang, X.B. and Wang, X.Y., 2017. A method of fast seismic illuminationanalysis for survey design-application to northwest of China. . Extended Abstr., 79thEAGE Conf., Paris: 813-817.
  7. He, Y.Q., Tang, D.L. and Tang, H.Z., 2003. A wide line acquisition case for overthrust
  8. Nappe Structure of Kulong Mountain in Jiuquanbasin. Expanded Abstr., 73rd Ann.Internat. SEG Mtg., Dallas: 19-21.
  9. Lu, L.X., Xia, Y., Ding, T.Z. and Liu, X.G., 2016. An application of crooked wide lineacquisition technique in complex mountainous region. Expanded Abstr., 86th Ann.Internat. SEG Mtg. Dallas: 260-264.
  10. Luo, M.Q., Huang, Y., Zhou, M., Zhang, C.H. and Dong, N., 2017. Non-uniform
  11. Acquisition Design for Foothill Environment. Expanded Abstr., 87th Ann. Internat.SEG Mtg., Houston: 136-140.
  12. Peng, X., Qin, X. and Yang, W.X., 2006. Application of high density acquisition in
  13. Jungar basin, Western China. Expanded Abstr., 76th Ann. Internat. SEG Mtg., NewOrleans: 90-94.van Veldhuizen, EJ., Blacquiére, G. and Berkhout, A.J., 2008. Acquisition geometryanalysis in complex 3D media. Geophysics, 73(5): Q43-Q58.
  14. Wang, W., Wang, X.Z., Zeng, H.L. and Liang, Q.S., 2017. Preconditioningpoint-source/point-receiver high-density 3D seismic data for lacustrine shalecharacterization in a loess mountain area. Interpretation, 5(2): SF177-SF188.
  15. Wang, X. J., J. M. Cai, and X. D. Wei, 2014, The current status and development trendof geophysical technology for oil and gas exploration, China. China Petrol. Explor.,19(4): 30-41.
  16. Wang, X.Y., Wu, F.R., Chen, J.L., Wang, F.G., Li, Ch.Y., Hu, F., Luo, W.D. and Du,
  17. W4J., 2018. A case study of high density 3D geometry key parameters test methodin western China. Expanded Abstr., 88th Ann. Internat. SEG Mtg., Anaheim:161-165.
  18. Wang, X.Y., Zhang, M., Chen, J.L., Luo, W.D., Yang, L., Zheng, J., Zhao, X.H. and Xu,
  19. Q.K., 2017. Application and effects of swath 3D technique in marine carbonates inwestern Sichuan Basin. Expanded Abstr., 87th Ann. Internat. SEG Mtg., Houston:242-246.
  20. Wang, X.Y., Zhang, M., Chen, J.L., Li, Z., Luo, W.D., Liu, P.D., Chen, W. and Wang,
  21. Y., 2017. Application and effects of swath 3D technique in complex mountainousareas: Foothill Technical Forum. Expanded Abstr., 87th Ann. Internat. SEG Mtg.,Houston: 1-4.
  22. Wu, G.G., Fang, H., Han, Z. and Hu, X.C., 2016. Growth features of measured OIIP&
  23. GIIP during the 12th Five-Year Plan and its outlook for the 13th Five-Year Plan inChina. Acta Petrol. Sinica, 37: 1145-1151.
  24. Yan, S.X. and Xie, W.D., 1998. Discussion about 3D swath seismic shooting, Chin.Petrol. Explor., 3(2): 58-62.
  25. Zhang, M., Li, M., Wang, Q.G., Zhou, H.Y., Guan, M. and Li, X.M., 2017. Applicationof 3D high-density seismic acquisition with high efficiency: a case study. Expanded
  26. Abstr., 87th Ann. Internat. SEG Mtg., Houston: 286-290.
Share
Back to top
Journal of Seismic Exploration, Electronic ISSN: 0963-0651 Print ISSN: 0963-0651, Published by AccScience Publishing