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Simultaneous separation, interpolation and tube wave suppression of vertical seismic profiling using matching pursuit based sparse beam forming

JIANGTAO HU1,2 JUNXING CAO1,2 HUAZHONG WANG3 XINGJIAN WANG1 XUDONG JIANG1,2
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State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Chengdu University of Technology, 1 Dongsanlu, Erxianqiao, Chengdu 610059, Sichuan, P.R. China,
College of Geophysics, Chengdu University of Technology, 1 Dongsanlu, Erxianqiao, Chengdu 610059, Sichuan, P.R. China,
WPI, School of Ocean and Earth Science, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Rd, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China,
JSE 2018, 27(2), 117–135;
Submitted: 17 June 2017 | Accepted: 10 December 2017 | Published: 1 April 2018
© 2018 by the Authors. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution -Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC-by the license) ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ )
Abstract

Hu, J.T., Cao, J.X., Wang, H.Z., Wang, X.J. and Jiang, X.D., 2018. Simultaneous separation, interpolation and tube wave suppression of vertical seismic profiling using matching pursuit based sparse beam forming. Journal of Seismic Exploration, 27: 117-135. Since the vertical seismic profiling acquires seismic data with high resolution and superior S/N ratio, it is essential for reservoir monitoring in seismic exploration. The vertical seismic profiling data is usually separated into down-going and up-going wavefields in its processing procedure. The wavefield separation is mainly achieved by frequency-wavenumber method and plane wave decomposition method. However, when the vertical seismic profiling data is aliased, these methods perform poorly. Besides, to preserve the high frequency component during the wavefield separation, the data interpolation is required to avoid the aliasing effect of the signal. Furthermore, there is usually strongly aliased tube wave noise in the vertical seismic profiling data which poses challenge for the wavefield separation and subsequent processing steps. In this paper, we propose a solution using matching pursuit based sparse beam forming and it can simultaneously separate the wavefield, interpolate the data and suppress the tube wave noise. The matching pursuit based sparse beam forming is guided by the un-aliased information of the data. Thus, it can handle the aliasing effect of both signal and tube wave noise. Since the sparse beam forming method obtains beam forming result with superior resolution of the ray parameter, it can separate the wavefield and suppress the tube wave noise based on their differences in the ray parameter domain. Then the filtered data can be backward transformed to a denser grid for a better preservation of the high frequency component. Numerical examples on both synthetic and real data show that the proposed method works well in terms of wavefield separation, tube wave suppression and data interpolation.

Keywords
wavefield separation
tube wave suppression
wavefield interpolation
vertical seismic profiling
sparse beam forming
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Journal of Seismic Exploration, Electronic ISSN: 0963-0651 Print ISSN: 0963-0651, Published by AccScience Publishing