AccScience Publishing / JSE / Article
Submit to JSE
Cite this article
64
Views
Journal Browser
Volume | Year
Issue
Search
Forthcoming Issue
Current Issue
View All
News and Announcements
View All
ARTICLE

A pre-stack depth diffraction imaging workflow based on angle gathers

JIANGJIE ZHANG
Show Less
Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, P.R. China.,
JSE 2013, 22(2), 129–145;
Submitted: 26 April 2012 | Accepted: 15 February 2013 | Published: 1 May 2013
© 2013 by the Authors. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution -Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC-by the license) ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ )
Download PDF
Cite
XML
Abstract

Zhang, J., 2013. A pre-stack depth diffraction imaging workflow based on angle gathers. Journal of Seismic Exploration, 22: 129-145. A new workflow is presented that can image diffracted waves for pre-stack seismic data based on angle gathers. This workflow combines the advantages of pre-stack time migration and pre-stack depth migration. For simplicity in calculations and parameter estimations, we mute the Fresnel zones related to reflections to enhance diffractions in the common angle gathers by shot-domain pre-stack time migration. A structural dip estimation scheme is provided to obtain the best Fresnel zones for accurate attenuation of reflections. Then, the demigration processing is used to remove the effect of previous pre-stack time migration on the imaged diffracted events to obtain diffracted wavefield. At last, the diffracted wavefield is imaged again by pre-stack depth migration, which adapt to imaging for complex structure. The result of my method is an effective complement to conventional interpretation workflow in detecting of small-scale geological discontinuities. Synthetic example and field data example demonstrate that my method is accurate, robust and easy to implement.

Keywords
diffraction imaging
Fresnel zone
angle gather
structural dip
demigration
References
  1. Bansal, R. and Imhof, M.G., 2005. Diffraction enhancement in prestack seismic data. Geophysics,70: V73-V79.
  2. Bertero, M., Boccacci, P. and Piana, M., 1997. Resolution and Super-resolution in Inverse
  3. Diffraction. Proc. Conf. Inverse Problems of Wave Propag. Diffrac.: 1-17, Springer Verlag,Berlin.
  4. Bleistein, N., 1984. Mathematical Methods for Wave Phenomena. Academic Press, Inc., New York.
  5. Docherty, P., 1991., A brief comparison of some Kirchhoff integral formulas for migration andinversion. Geophysics, 56: 1164-1169.
  6. Gazdag, J., 1978. Wave-equation migration with the phase shift method. Geophysics, 43:1342-1351.
  7. Claerbout, J.F., 1985. Imaging the Earth’s Interior. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford.
  8. Cheng, M. and Hilterman, F., 2007. Scattering object imaging with azimuthal binning to detectvertical fractures. Expanded Abstr., 77th Ann. Internat. SEG Mtg., San Antonio: 2045-2049.
  9. Goldin, S., Khaidukov, V., Kostin, V., Ryan, S. and Tcheverda, V., 2000. Separation of reflectedand diffracted objects by means of Gaussian beams decomposition. In: Bermudez, A.,
  10. Gomez, D., Hazard, C., Joly, P. and Roberts, J. (Eds.), Proc. 5th Internat. Conf. Mathemat.Numer. Asp. Wave Propag.: SIAM-INRIA.
  11. Khaidukov, V., Landa, E. and Moser, T.J., 2004. Diffraction imaging by focusing-defocusing. Anoutlook on seismic superresolution. Geophysics, 69: 1478-1490.
  12. Kovalevsky, G.L., 1971. Kinematic and some dynamic features of diffracted seismic waves. Geol.Geophys., 7: 101-110 (in Russian).
  13. Landa, E. and Maximov, A., 1980. Testing of algorithm for low-amplitude fault detection. Geol.Geophys., 12: 108-113 (in Russian).
  14. Liu, L. and Zhang, J., 2006. 3D wavefield extrapolation with optimum split-step Fourier method.Geophysics, 71: 95-108.
  15. Moser, T. and Howard, C.B., 2008. Diffraction imaging in depth. Geophys. Prosp., 56: 627-641.
  16. Reshef, M. and Landa, E., 2009. Post-stack velocity analysis in the dip-angle domain usingdiffractions. Geophys. Prosp., 57: 811-823.
  17. Sava, P., Biondi, B. and Etgen, J., 2005. Wave-equation migration velocity analysis by focusingdiffractions and reflections. Geophysics, 70: U19-U27.
  18. Taner, M.T., Fomel, S. and Landa, E., 2006. Prestack separation of seismic diffractions usingplanewave decomposition. Expanded Abstr., 76th Ann. Internat. SEG Mtg.,New Orleans:2401-2404.
  19. Verschuur, D., Wang, D. and Hermann, F., 2007. Multi-term multiple prediction using separatedreflections and diffractions combined with curvelet-based subtraction. Expanded Abstr., 77thAnn. Internat. SEG Mtg., San Antonio: 2535-2539.
  20. Zhang, J. and Liu, L., 2007. Optimum split-step Fourier 3D depth migration: Developments andpractical aspects. Geophysics, 72: 167-175.
  21. Zhang, J. and Liu, T., 1999. P-SV-wave propagation in heterogeneous media: grid method.Geophys. J. Internat., 136: 431-438.
  22. Zhang, J., Xu, J. and Zhang, H., 2012. Migration from 3D irregular surfaces: A prestack timemigration approach. Geophysics, 77: 7-S129.
  23. Zhu, X. and Wu, R., 2008. Imaging diffraction points using the local image matrix in prestackmigration. Expanded Abstr., 78th Ann. Internat. SEG Mtg., Las Vegas: 2161-2165.
  24. Zhu, X. and Wu, R. 2010. Imaging diffraction points using the local image matrix generated inprestack migration. Geophysics, 75: -S9.
Share
Back to top
Journal of Seismic Exploration, Print ISSN: 0963-0651, Published by AccScience Publishing
We use cookies on our website to ensure you get the best experience.
Read more about our cookies here
Accept